This page summarizes the evaluations of 29 protein targets for chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Click protein names for a detailed summary. Details of the evaluation criteria is described here [paper].

ALPP

Description

Alkaline phosphatase, placental type (ALPP).


Clinical trials

NCT04627740 - Ovarian Cancer, Endometrial Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ALPP


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
AXL

Description

Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL). Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation.

Clinical trials

NCT03393936 - Renal Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene AXL.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD19

Description

B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (CD19). Functions as coreceptor for the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) on B-lymphocytes. Decreases the threshold for activation of downstream signaling pathways and for triggering B-cell responses to antigens.


Clinical trials

NCT02465983 - Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD19.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD22

Description

B-cell receptor CD22 (CD22). Mediates B-cell B-cell interactions. May be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. It seems to be involved in regulation of B-cell antigen receptor signaling.


Clinical trials

NCT04556669 - Cervical Cancer
NCT03638206 - Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma
NCT04556669 - Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD22.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD276

Description

CD276 antigen (CD276). May participate in the regulation of T-cell-mediated immune response. May play a protective role in tumor cells by inhibiting natural-killer mediated cell lysis as well as a role of marker for detection of neuroblastoma cells. May be involved in the development of acute and chronic transplant rejection and in the regulation of lymphocytic activity at mucosal surfaces. Could also play a key role in providing the placenta and fetus with a suitable immunological environment throughout pregnancy.


Clinical trials

NCT04483778 - Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD276.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD33

Description

Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (CD33). Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) that plays a role in mediating cell-cell interactions and in maintaining immune cells in a resting state.


Clinical trials

NCT03638206 - Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD33.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD38

Description

ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 (CD38). Synthesizes the second messengers cyclic ADP-ribose and nicotinate-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the former a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion. Also has cADPr hydrolase activity. Also moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system.


Clinical trials

NCT03638206 - Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD38.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD70

Description

CD70 antigen (CD70). Cytokine which is the ligand for CD27. The CD70-CD27 pathway plays an important role in the generation and maintenance of T cell immunity, in particular during antiviral responses.


Clinical trials

NCT02830724 - Breast Cancer, Renal Cell Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD70.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CD276

Description

CD276 antigen (CD276). May participate in the regulation of T-cell-mediated immune response. May play a protective role in tumor cells by inhibiting natural-killer mediated cell lysis as well as a role of marker for detection of neuroblastoma cells. May be involved in the development of acute and chronic transplant rejection and in the regulation of lymphocytic activity at mucosal surfaces. Could also play a key role in providing the placenta and fetus with a suitable immunological environment throughout pregnancy.


Clinical trials

NCT04483778 - Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CD276.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CEACAM5

Description

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5). Cell surface glycoprotein that plays a role in cell adhesion, intracellular signaling and tumor progression. Plays a role as an oncogene by promoting tumor progression; induces resistance to anoikis of colorectal carcinoma cells.


Clinical trials

There are no clinical trials involving CEACAM5, however the following two clinical trials involve CEA (keep or change?).
NCT02349724 - Lung Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Breast Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CEACAM5.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
CLDN18

Description

Claudin-18, (CLDN18). Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity. The isoform CLDN18.2 is considered of particular importance as a CART target.


Clinical trials

NCT04404595 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03159819 - Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene CLDN18.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
EGFR

Description

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses.


Clinical trials

NCT03542799 - Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
NCT01818323 - Head and Neck Cancer NCT03638206 - Hepatoma, Pancreatic Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Lung Cancer, Melanoma, Ovarian Cancer, Renal Carcinoma
NCT03941626 - Esophagus Cancer, Hepatoma
NCT01454596 - Glioblastoma Multiforme
NCT02664363 - Glioblastoma Multiforme
NCT02844062 - Glioblastoma Multiforme
NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene EGFR.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
EPCAM

Description

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM). May act as a physical homophilic interaction molecule between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) at the mucosal epithelium for providing immunological barrier as a first line of defense against mucosal infection. Plays a role in embryonic stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Up-regulates the expression of FABP5, MYC and cyclins A and E.


Clinical trials

NCT03013712 - Colon Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Hepatic Carcinoma, Pancreatic Cancer, Prostate Cancer
NCT02729493 - Liver Neoplasms
NCT02725125 - Stomach Neoplasms


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene EPCAM.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
ERBB2

Description

Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2). Protein tyrosine kinase that is part of several cell surface receptor complexes. In the nucleus it is involved in transcriptional regulation. Enhances protein synthesis and cell growth.


Clinical trials

NCT03740256 - Bladder Cancer, Breast Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
NCT03696030 - Breast Cancer
NCT02547961 - Breast Cancer
NCT04511871 - Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Sarcoma
NCT02713984 - Breast Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Lung Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
NCT01109095 - Glioblastoma Multiforme
NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT00902044 - Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ERBB2.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
FOLH1

Description

Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (FOLH1) Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate. Involved in prostate tumor progression.


Clinical trials

NCT04633148 - Breast Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Renal Cancer, Prostate Cancer
NCT03356795 - Cervical Cancer
NCT04249947 - Prostate Cancer
NCT01140373 - Prostate Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene FOLH1.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
GPC3

Description

Glypican-3 (GPC3). Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Used as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). When attached to the cell surface, stimulates the growth of HCC cells by increasing canonical Wnt signaling.


Clinical trials

NCT03884751 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02905188 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT04377932 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02932956 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT04093648 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02723942 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT04121273 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT03146234 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT03130712 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02715362 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT03084380 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02395250 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02959151 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT02876978 - Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene GPC3.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
IL3RA

Description

Interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha (IL3RA. Receptor for interleukin-3.


Clinical trials

NCT02541370 - Breast Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Hepatoma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene IL3RA.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present. The last three rows describe the position of potential epitopes, as well as phosphorylation and glycosylation sites.
MET

Description

Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET). Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to hepatocyte growth factor/HGF ligand.


Clinical trials

NCT03060356 - Breast Cancer, Melanoma
NCT03638206 - Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma
NCT03672305 - Hepatoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene MET.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
MS4A1

Description

B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (MS4A1). B-lymphocyte-specific membrane protein that plays a role in the regulation of cellular calcium influx necessary for the development, differentiation, and activation of B-lymphocytes.

Clinical trials

NCT03893019 - Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene MS4A1.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
MSLN

Description

Mesothelin (MSLN). It plays a role in cell adhesion.


Clinical trials

NCT02792114 - Breast Cancer
NCT03356795 - Cervical Cancer
NCT04503980 – Colorectal Cancer, Ovarian Cancer
NCT03638206 – Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma
NCT03941626 – Esophagus Cancer, Hepatoma
NCT02959151 – Hepatoma
NCT03054298 - Lung Adenocarcinoma, Ovarian Cancer
NCT04489862 - Mesothelioma
NCT02580747 – Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Endometrial Cancer
NCT03814447 – Ovarian Cancer
NCT03497819 – Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03323944 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03638193 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT02706782 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT02465983 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene MSLN.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
MUC1

Description

Mucin-1 (MUC1). Can act both as an adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. May provide a protective layer on epithelial cells against bacterial and enzyme attack. Promotes tumor progression.


Clinical trials

NCT03356795 - Cervical Cancer
NCT02839954 - Colorectal Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Pancreatic Carcinoma
NCT02617134 - Colorectal Carcinoma
NCT02587689 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Pancreatic Carcinoma
NCT04025216 - Ovarian Cancer
NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Carcinoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene MUC1.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
PSCA

Description

Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA). May be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. Has a cell-proliferation inhibition activity in vitro.


Clinical trials

NCT03267173 - Pancreatic Cancer
NCT02744287 - Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene PSCA.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
RAET1E

Description

Retinoic acid early transcript 1E (RAET1E). Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.


Clinical trials

NCT04107142 - Colorectal Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene RAET1E.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
ROR2

Description

Tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR2 (ROR2). Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor which may be involved in the early formation of the chondrocytes. It seems to be required for cartilage and growth plate development. Phosphorylates YWHAB, leading to induction of osteogenesis and bone formation.


Clinical trials

NCT03960060 - Bladder Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer
NCT03393936 - Renal Cell Carcinoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ROR2.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present. The last three rows describe the position of potential epitopes, as well as phosphorylation and glycosylation sites.
TNFRSF10B

Description

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B). Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. Promotes the activation of NF-kappa-B. Essential for ER stress-induced apoptosis.


Clinical trials

NCT03638206 - Colorectal Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Renal Carcinoma, Hepatoma, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene TNFRSF10B.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
TNFRSF17

Description

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17). Receptor for TNFSF13B/BLyS/BAFF and TNFSF13/APRIL. Promotes B-cell survival and plays a role in the regulation of humoral immunity. Activates NF-kappa-B and JNK.


Clinical trials

NCT03302403 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Pancreatic Cancer


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene TNFRSF17.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
ULBP1

Description

UL16-binding protein 1 (ULBP1). Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.


Clinical trials

NCT04107142 - Colorectal Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ULBP1.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
ULBP2

Description

UL16-binding protein 2 (ULBP2). Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.


Clinical trials

NCT04107142 - Colorectal Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ULBP2.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present.
ULBP3

Description

UL16-binding protein 3 (ULBP3). Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.


Clinical trials

NCT04107142 - Colorectal Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Sarcoma


Target gene expression

The following plot describes the expression, in different tissues and TCGA cancers, of the different isoforms of the gene ULBP3.


Target essentiality


Protein properties

The following plot describes the target topology, highlighting the position of the endo-, ecto- and transmembrane domains, as well as the position of a signal peptide, when present. The last three rows describe the position of potential epitopes, as well as phosphorylation and glycosylation sites.
 

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